Post+Impressionism

=Paul Cezanne - 1839-1906 = @http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/Cezannes-Still-Life-with-Apples.html
 * “A work of art which did not begin in emotion is not art.”
 * -Attempted to make Impressionism “solid and durable” classicism with observation of nature
 * -Still life, nature painter
 * -Felt all of the objects in nature are based on the cone, the sphere and the cylinder, wanted to simplify to these basic shapes
 * grandfather of cubism, although not considered cubist, well respected

@http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/turning-road-at-montgeroult.html

media type="youtube" key="hH1a1v1JNAk" height="315" width="560" = = =Georges Seurat - 1859-91 =
 * Neo-Impressionist or Pointillist
 * Felt there should be laws that governed what art should be
 * scientific approach to painting. Seurat believed that a painter could use color to create harmony and emotion in art
 * Seurat's theories can be summarized as follows: The emotion of gaiety can be achieved by the domination of luminous hues, by the predominance of warm colors, and by the use of lines directed upward. Calm is achieved through an equivalence/balance of the use of the light and the dark, by the balance of warm and cold colors, and by lines that are horizontal. Sadness is achieved by using dark and cold colors and by lines pointing downward.

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= = =Henri de Toulouse-Latrec - 1864-1901 =
 * “I paint things as they are. I don't comment. I record.”
 * -Talented artist vs. partier (alcoholic)
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">painter and printmaker (drawings), illustrator
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">captured feeling of the Moulin Rouge and other parts of Paris nightlife
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">fin de siecle, end of a period
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">product of inbreeding, lifelong disability, man-sized body, but child sized legs, not a dwarf
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">influenced by Japanese prints

media type="youtube" key="XLcbGHNFcpM" height="315" width="560" = = =<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Vincent Van Gogh - 1853-90 =


 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">“I want to touch people with my art. I want them to say 'he feels deeply, he feels tenderly.”
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">-Believed Impressionism did not provide enough freedom to express emotion
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">-10 year career
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">-Combines Impressionism with Expressionism
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">-Attached emotions with colors
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">-Committed suicide in 1890 when mental illness prohibited him from painting
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">some proof that this might not be true

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<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Did he kill himself?
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media type="youtube" key="Zq5bEyoPO34" height="315" width="560" = = =<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Paul Gauguin - 1848-1903 =
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Born in Paris, but spent early years of his life living in Peru
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">experimental use of colors
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"> influential to the French avant-garde, Pablo Picasso, and Henri Matisse.
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">abstract use of shape and color
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">primitivism in art, lived in Panama, Tahiti and French Polynesia
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">wasn’t famous or appreciated until after death,
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">suffered from depression and stds
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Van Gogh roomie in Arles
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Primitivism art movement of late 19th century
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">painting and sculpture;
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">characterized by exaggerated body proportions, animal totems, geometric designs and stark contrasts.
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">The first artist to use was Paul Gauguin.
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">The European cultural elite discovering the art of Africa, Micronesia, and Native Americans for the first time were fascinated, intrigued and educated by the newness, wildness and the stark power embodied in the art of those faraway places.
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Like Pablo Picasso in the early days of the 20th century, Gauguin was inspired and motivated by the raw power and simplicity of the so-called Primitive art of those foreign cultures.

@http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/gauguin.html

media type="youtube" key="ofJS_K0Fj2Q" height="315" width="420" = = =<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Edvard Munch - 1863-1944 =
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">“The camera will never compete with the brush and palette until such time as photography can be taken to Heaven or Hell.”
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Norwegian printmaker, painter
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">fin de siecle feeling to work (end of a cycle) 1800s into 1900s, macabre
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">much death, illness and loss in his personal life, mental illness too
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">-Brushstrokes match the “sound” of the painting
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">use of symbolism and emotion, greatly influenced the German Expressionist

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=<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Scream =

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=<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Pablo Picasso - 1881-1973 =
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">"Every child is an artist. The problem is how to remain an artist once he grows up."
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Color used to denote his periods of art making
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Blue, Rose Periods-color of paintings as well as mood of the artist
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">first words were “piz”, short for lapiz, which is pencil in Spanish
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Born in Spain and began studying art at age 7, from father who was an artist, admitted to college program at age 13
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">during blue period
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">more Spanish influenced, but living in Paris
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">poverty, lower class, despair and lonliness as subject, not popular with critics
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">friend committed suicide
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">1901 mental illness/depression and lasts several years
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">more French influenced, 1904-1906
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">happier and more mentally stable,
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">love life is going good!
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">oranges, roses, reds

@http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/Picasso-Early-Work.html